Hydrocortisone Acetate: Understanding Its Uses and Benefits

What is Hydrocortisone Acetate?

Hydrocortisone acetate is a synthetic corticosteroid medication. It is derived from cortisol, a hormone produced naturally by the adrenal glands. 

What are the Uses of Hydrocortisone Acetate?

Indicated for alleviating inflammatory and itching symptoms associated with corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, this medication is also prescribed for managing endocrine disorders like adrenal insufficiency and Addison's disease. Additionally, it effectively addresses numerous immune and allergic conditions including arthritis, lupus, severe psoriasis, severe asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.

When applied to the skin, hydrocortisone acetate has anti-inflammatory, anti-itching, and vasoconstrictive properties. It works by reducing inflammation, suppressing immune responses, and relieving itching associated with certain skin conditions.

When applied to the eye, hydrocortisone acetate that ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar. Such as conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroid use in certain infective conjunctivitis is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. It is also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation, or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.

What is the Difference Between Hydrocortisone and Hydrocortisone Acetate？

Chemical structure: Hydrocortisone, also known as cortisol, is the natural form of the hormone produced in the body. Hydrocortisone acetate is a synthetic derivative of hydrocortisone, where an acetic acid ester group is added to the molecule.

Potency: Hydrocortisone acetate is considered to be a more potent form of hydrocortisone. This means that it has a greater anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect than hydrocortisone. As a result, hydrocortisone acetate is often used in medications that require a stronger corticosteroid effect.

Hydrocortisone acetate can be administered through subconjunctival injection or used as eye drops. However, it should not be taken orally or given intramuscularly. When administered through these latter routes, hydrocortisone acetate is less effective than Hydrocortisone, with less than half the efficacy. 

What Symptoms to Treat of Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Drops?

Hydrocortisone acetate eye drop is a white to off-white colored suspension used for certain eye conditions. Here are some of its common uses:

Eye Inflammation: Hydrocortisone acetate ophthalmic is prescribed to treat inflammation in the eyes caused by various conditions, such as allergies, irritations, or infections.

Allergic Conjunctivitis: It can be used to alleviate the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, including redness, itching, swelling, and watery eyes, by reducing the allergic response in the eye.

Eye Irritation: Hydrocortisone acetate ophthalmic may be recommended for treating eye irritations caused by environmental factors, such as smoke, dust, or chemicals.

Eye Infections: In some cases, this medication may be prescribed to manage eye infections accompanied by inflammation.

Postoperative Eye Care: After certain eye surgeries, hydrocortisone acetate ophthalmic may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and promote healing.

How Does Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Drops Work?

Hydrocortisone acetate eye drops are a medication used to treat inflammation and itching in the eyes. 

When applied as eye drops, hydrocortisone acetate works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune response in the eye. It does this by entering the cells of the eye tissues and binding to specific receptors called glucocorticoid receptors. Once bound, hydrocortisone modifies the expression of certain genes, leading to a decrease in the production of inflammatory substances such as prostaglandins and cytokines.

By reducing inflammation, hydrocortisone acetate eye drops can alleviate symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, and discomfort in the eyes. They are commonly used to treat conditions like allergic conjunctivitis, uveitis, and other inflammatory eye conditions.

How to Use Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Drops: Step-by-Step

Step 1

Collect all the supplies you'll need, including the hydrocortisone acetate eye drops, clean tissues or cotton balls, and any other items recommended by your veterinarian.

Step 2

Using an antimicrobial eye wash or cotton ball moistened with a sterile saline solution or warm water, gently wipe away any discharge or debris from the eye. Start from the inner corner and wipe outward, being careful not to touch the eye directly.

Step 3

Hold the eye drop bottle in one hand, making sure the dropper tip doesn't touch anything to maintain cleanliness. With your other hand, gently hold your dog's head steady and tilt it slightly backward. Use your thumb or finger to gently pull down the lower eyelid, creating a small pouch. Be careful not to touch the eye with the dropper tip.

Step 4

Squeeze the prescribed dosage of drops into the lower eyelid pouch. Avoid letting the dropper touch the eye or eyelid. Close your dog's eye gently and allow them to blink, which helps distribute the medication.

Hydrocortisone Eye Drops Dosage

Always use according to product instructions or as directed by your veterinarian. Generally, hydrocortisone acetate ophthalmic solution is applied to the affected eye in I or 2 drops
every 3-4 hours, or more frequently as required. The usual duration of treatment is As directed by your doctor.

Side Effects of Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Drops

Temporary stinging or burning sensation: Some dogs may experience mild discomfort, such as stinging or burning, upon instilling the eye drops. This is usually temporary and resolves quickly.

Increased intraocular pressure: Prolonged use of hydrocortisone acetate eye drops can sometimes lead to an increase in the pressure inside the eye, which can be problematic, especially in dogs with pre-existing glaucoma.

Delayed wound healing: Corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can hinder the healing process, which may be a concern if the dog has any corneal ulcers or other eye injuries.

Cataract formation: Long-term and high-dose use of corticosteroids may increase the risk of cataract development in dogs.

It is crucial to follow your veterinarian's instructions regarding the dosage and duration of treatment to minimize the risk of side effects. 

Special Warnings and Special Precautions for Use

• Hydrocortisone eye drops and ointment are for ocular use only and should not be taken orally.

• Dogs should be instructed to avoid allowing the tip of the dispensing container to contact.

• If your dog is pregnant or has other medical conditions, avoid using it until you have consulted your vet to ensure its safety.

• Shake the suspension well prior to use. Avoid contamination of the preparation container.

• This medicine should not be used if your dogs are allergic to any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if your dogs have previously experienced such an allergy. If you feel your dogs have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Symptoms of Allergy to Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Drops in Dogs

If your dog is experiencing an allergic reaction to hydrocortisone acetate eye drops after using it, you may observe the following symptoms:

Excessive scratching or rubbing of the eyes

Your dog may paw at its eyes or rub them against furniture, the floor, or other objects in an attempt to relieve the discomfort.

Redness and inflammation

The affected eye(s) may appear red, swollen, and irritated. The conjunctiva (the clear tissue covering the white part of the eye) may also be inflamed.

Watery or runny eyes

Excessive tearing or discharge from the eyes may be present. The discharge could be clear or slightly cloudy.

Eye discomfort or pain

Your dog may show signs of discomfort or pain in the eye area. This can include squinting, blinking excessively, or avoiding bright lights.

Changes in behavior

Due to the discomfort caused by the allergic reaction, your dog may exhibit changes in behavior, such as increased restlessness or irritability.

Skin reactions

In some cases, dogs may develop a rash or skin irritation around the eyes or on other parts of the face. This can be a result of the allergic reaction spreading beyond the eye area.

If you suspect your dog is having an allergic reaction to hydrocortisone acetate eye drops or if you notice any concerning symptoms, it's important to consult a veterinarian. 

Hydrocortisone Eye Drops are Only Available Generically (ie without a brand name)

But a product can recommended 

Puainta® Hydrocortisone Acetate Allergy Eye Drops for Cats/ Dogs

Hydrocortisone Acetate Allergy Eye Drops is a medication specifically formulated to provide relief for allergic reactions and inflammation in the eyes of cats and dogs. It is designed to help alleviate discomfort caused by various eye conditions, including allergies, itching, redness, and swelling.

• The active ingredient in these eye drops is hydrocortisone acetate, which is a corticosteroid. Corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce swelling and itching in the affected area. Hydrocortisone acetate acts locally on the eyes and is generally safe for use in pets when used as directed.

• The eye drops come in a sterile solution that is easy to apply. 

• Effective treatment of conjunctivitis, iritis, keratitis and sclerositis