Enrofloxacin for Dogs

What Is Enrofloxacin for Dogs?

Enrofloxacin that is FDA approved is a widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine, primarily prescribed for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs. It belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics and is known for its broad-spectrum activity against various types of bacteria. While enrofloxacin can be effective in treating certain infections, it is important for dog owners to be aware of its benefits and risks to ensure the well-being of their furry companions.

What Is Enrofloxacin Used for in Dogs?

Enrofloxacin is available in various formulations, including tablets, injectable solutions, and flavored liquids. This versatility allows veterinarians to choose the most suitable form for individual dogs.

Enrofloxacin can be used to treat a variety of bacterial infections in dogs, including 

• urinary tract infections

• respiratory tract infections (such as pneumonia and bronchitis)

• skin and soft tissue infections

• wound infections

• gastrointestinal infections

What Type of Bacteria Does Enrofloxacin Treat?

Enrofloxacin has a broad spectrum of activity, meaning it is effective against a wide range of bacteria. It can target both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including common culprits like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, it is not an appropriate treatment option against infections caused by viruses, fungi, or parasites.

How Does Enrofloxacin Work for Dogs?

Enrofloxacin is known for its efficacy against bacteria that have developed resistance to other antibiotics. It acts by targeting specific enzymes involved in DNA replication, making it an effective option when other antibiotics may not be effective due to bacterial resistance.

What Are the Side Effects of Enrofloxacin in Dogs?

Enrofloxacin, like any medication, can potentially cause side effects in dogs. Vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite are the most commonly reported side effects. These symptoms are usually mild and resolve once the medication is discontinued or the dog's body adjusts to the drug.

Dogs can potentially develop an allergic reaction to enrofloxacin. Signs of an allergic reaction may include 

• swelling

• itching

• hives

• difficulty breathing

• facial/muzzle swelling

It can also cause other side effects:

• seizures

• tremors

• cartilage damage in growing animals

Overdose Information for Enrofloxacin

The severity of an enrofloxacin overdose and the resulting symptoms can vary depending on factors such as the dosage ingested, the dog's size, overall health, and individual sensitivity to the medication. Some possible signs of enrofloxacin overdose in dogs may include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite.

• Neurological symptoms: Seizures, tremors, disorientation, or weakness.

• Allergic reactions: Itching, swelling, hives, difficulty breathing, or collapse.

If you suspect your dog has ingested an overdose of enrofloxacin or any medication, it's crucial to seek immediate veterinary attention. The veterinarian may induce vomiting or administer activated charcoal to help reduce absorption of the drug. Supportive care, including IV fluids and medications to manage symptoms, may be provided as needed.

What to Avoid When Taking Enrofloxacin?

Dairy products and antacids

Enrofloxacin can bind with calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and other minerals present in dairy products and antacids, reducing its absorption. It's recommended to administer enrofloxacin at least two hours before or after giving any dairy products or antacids to your dog.

Other fluoroquinolones

Avoid giving your dog multiple fluoroquinolone antibiotics simultaneously, as this can increase the risk of adverse effects.

Other medications

Inform your veterinarian about any other medications, supplements, or herbal products your dog is taking. Some medications may interact with enrofloxacin and potentially reduce its effectiveness or cause adverse effects. Your vet can advise on any necessary adjustments or avoidances.

FAQs

Is Enrofloxacin Safe During Pregnancy?

Enrofloxacin belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics, which has been associated with cartilage abnormalities in growing animals, including dogs. Studies have shown that fluoroquinolones can cause damage to the developing joints of puppies. Therefore, it is generally advised to avoid using enrofloxacin in pregnant dogs, particularly during the first two trimesters.

Does Enrofloxacin Make Dogs Sleepy?

Enrofloxacin itself is not known to cause drowsiness or sedation in dogs as a direct side effect. However, like any medication, individual responses can vary, and some dogs may experience changes in behavior or energy levels while on enrofloxacin.

If you notice that your dog appears excessively sleepy or lethargic while taking enrofloxacin, it is recommended to consult with your veterinarian. 

Can You Crush Enrofloxacin for Dogs?

Enrofloxacin tablets are generally not recommended to be crushed or broken as the tablet's coating is often formulated to ensure controlled release and proper absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Crushing the tablet can disrupt this controlled release mechanism, leading to unpredictable absorption and potential under- or overdosing.