Why is My Cat Panting

While panting is a common sight in dogs, it's much less common in felines. If you notice your cat panting, it's crucial to understand that this behavior may be indicative of an underlying issue. In this article, we will explore the potential causes of cat panting and what you should do if you observe your furry friend displaying this unusual behavior.

What Does Cat Panting Look And Sound Like?

Cat panting looks and sounds different from dog panting. While dogs are known for their characteristic open-mouthed panting, cats pant in a way that may be less obvious and is often accompanied by other signs of distress. Here's what cat panting typically looks and sounds like:

Appearance:

• Open Mouth: Unlike their normal closed-mouth breathing, when cats pant, they may open their mouths wider than usual.
• Rapid Breathing: Cats may exhibit fast and shallow breaths, which is different from their regular, slower breathing pattern.
• Visible Tongue: In some cases, you may see the cat's tongue hanging out slightly, but this is not always apparent.

Sounds

• Quiet Panting: Cat panting is usually quieter and less audible compared to dog panting. It may not produce the same loud, audible sounds as in dogs.
• Huffing: Cats may make subtle huffing or wheezing noises when panting, but again, this is typically not as pronounced as in dogs.

Is It Normal for Cats to Pant?

Panting is not considered normal behavior for cats under most circumstances. Unlike dogs, cats do not typically pant as a regular means of cooling themselves down. Instead, cats primarily regulate their body temperature through other mechanisms, such as sweating through their paw pads and grooming.

Why is My Cat Panting?

When you notice your feline friend panting, it's essential to determine the underlying cause. Panting in cats can generally be categorized into two main groups: behavioral causes and medical causes.

Behavioural Causes of Panting

Heat: Panting is a natural way for cats to regulate their body temperature. If your cat has been exposed to excessively hot weather or has been exerting itself during play, panting may help cool down its body.

Stress and Anxiety: Cats may pant when they are stressed or anxious. This can occur during a visit to the veterinarian, car rides, or when introduced to new and unfamiliar environments. 

Your cat’s excessive panting due to anxiety may be accompanied by other symptoms such as:

• Tail flicking
• Increased respiratory rate
• Holding their tail tight against their body
• Crouching and leaning away
• Trying to escape or completely freezing in place
• Holding their ears back
• Hair standing up
• Aggression

Physical Exertion: Just like dogs, cats may pant after vigorous exercise or play. This is normal and usually subsides once they have rested.

Medical Causes of Panting

1. Asthma

Asthma is a respiratory condition that can affect cats, just as it does humans. It causes inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing and panting in cats. If your cat is panting and also exhibits coughing or wheezing, asthma could be the culprit.

2. Heartworm

Heartworm is a parasitic infection that can affect cats and dogs. While it primarily affects the heart and lungs, it can lead to severe respiratory distress, causing panting as one of the symptoms. Regular heartworm prevention is crucial for cats living in areas with a high prevalence of this parasite.

4. Respiratory Infection

Cats can contract respiratory infections, including viral and bacterial diseases, which can cause inflammation and congestion in the respiratory tract. This can result in panting, as your cat struggles to breathe comfortably. Cats can also develop respiratory diseases in the upper respiratory tract where the nasal cavity is the issue. Common causes of this are viral infections (including the herpes virus, which is one of the things we vaccinate for), and nasal polyps and tumors (more common in older cats).

5. Pain

Cats are known for hiding their pain, but if they are experiencing severe discomfort, they may pant as a way to express distress. Pain could be caused by injuries, wounds, or internal issues.

6. Congestive Heart Failure

Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Cats with congestive heart failure may pant due to the decreased ability of their lungs to oxygenate the blood. 

According to the Cornell University School of Veterinary Medicine, the cat breeds that have been shown to be more genetically prone to cardiomyopathy include:

• Maine Coon
• Ragdoll
• British Shorthair
• Sphynx
• Persian

Kittens can be born with the condition and develop symptoms at some point in their lives. Senior cats can be more prone to developing heart problems as they age, especially secondary to hyperthyroidism.

If your cat is panting, especially if they are a senior cat, talk to your vet about possible heart issues.

7. Flat Head Syndrome

Flat Head Syndrome is a condition commonly found in flat-faced breeds of cats. Because of their distinct facial structure compared to other feline breeds, flat-faced cats are at a higher risk of experiencing breathing difficulties, often necessitating the use of their mouths to aid in respiration. Breeds prone to this syndrome include Persian cats, exotic short-haired cats, Chinchillas, and more. If you have one of these breeds, it's essential to provide them with extra care and attention to ensure their well-being.

8. Heatstroke

Just like in dogs, cats can suffer from heatstroke if exposed to high temperatures for extended periods. Panting is a sign of their body's attempt to cool down, but it can also indicate a life-threatening situation.

9. Ingested or Inhaled Object

If your cat has ingested or inhaled an object, it can become lodged in the airways or digestive tract, leading to panting. This is an emergency situation that requires immediate veterinary attention.

Why is My Cat Panting in the Car?

If your cat is panting in the car, it's likely due to stress or anxiety associated with traveling. Cats are creatures of habit and often feel uncomfortable in unfamiliar environments, including vehicles. Some cats are prone to motion sickness, which can lead to nausea and panting. Signs of motion sickness may include drooling, vomiting, and restlessness.

Tips to Reduce Cat Panting in the Car:

• Familiarize Your Cat with the Car: Gradually acclimate your cat to the car by letting them explore it while it's stationary. Place their bedding and toys in the car to make it feel more familiar.
• Short Trips: Start with short car rides to positive destinations, such as a park or a friend's house. This can help create positive associations with car travel.
• Secure Carrier: Ensure your cat's carrier is secure and placed on a stable surface in the car. Use a seatbelt or carrier straps to prevent excessive movement.
• Use Calming Aids: Consider using cat-specific pheromone sprays or diffusers (e.g., Feliway) before and during car trips to reduce anxiety. Consult your veterinarian for recommendations on calming supplements or medications if needed.
• Cover the Carrier: Some cats feel more secure when their carrier is covered with a towel or blanket, reducing visual stimuli.

When Should I Worry About My Cat Panting?

While occasional panting in cats following physical activity or in hot weather may be normal, there are specific circumstances when you should be concerned about your cat's panting:

• Excessive Panting
• Panting at Rest
• Coughing
• Wheezing
• Drooling
• Lethargy, weakness
• Your cat or kitten’s breathing becomes shallow 
• Lethargy and loss of appetite 
• Pale or blue-tinged gums
• Panting accompanied by wheezing or rapid breathing 
• Senior Cats

Diagnosis & Treatment for a Panting Cat

Diagnosing and treating a panting cat involves a thorough evaluation by a veterinarian to determine the underlying cause of the panting. The specific diagnostic and treatment approaches will depend on the suspected cause and the results of diagnostic tests. Here are the general steps involved in diagnosing and treating a panting cat:

Diagnosis

The veterinarian will conduct a comprehensive physical examination of your cat. They will assess vital signs, listen to the heart and lungs, and examine the oral cavity, throat, and overall condition.

Depending on the clinical presentation and suspected causes, your veterinarian may recommend various diagnostic tests, including:

• Blood Tests: These can help identify infections, anemia, metabolic disorders, and organ function.
• X-rays: Radiographs can reveal lung or heart abnormalities, fluid accumulation, or obstructions.
• Ultrasound: An ultrasound may be used to visualize the heart, blood vessels, and abdominal organs.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): To assess heart rhythm and electrical activity.
• Bronchoscopy or Endoscopy: These procedures can help evaluate the airways and rule out obstructions.

Treatment

Treatment for a panting cat depends on the underlying cause identified during the diagnostic process. Here are some potential treatments based on common causes of panting:

1. Heatstroke

For heatstroke, immediate cooling measures are crucial. This may include moving the cat to a cool environment, using fans, and wetting the fur with cool water. Severe cases may require intravenous fluids and other supportive care.

2. Respiratory Infections

Bacterial or viral respiratory infections may be treated with antibiotics or antiviral medications. Your cat may also need supportive care to help with breathing.

Recommended medication

3. Heart Conditions

Treatment for heart conditions may involve medications to manage congestive heart failure, such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers. Your veterinarian will develop a specific treatment plan based on the diagnosis.

4. Pain or Injuries

Pain management may include pain medications and treatment of the underlying cause, such as wound care or surgery if necessary.

If your cats have skin wounds or are experiencing itching, you can utilize ointments or antibacterial sprays for therapeutic purposes.

Pipot Skin Spray - Indicated for ringworm in dogs and cats, dermatitis， eczema, hair loss, skin redness, mite infection Zinc Oxide Ointment- Helps treat dermatitis and eczema, relieve itch and redness, and reduces hair loss and ulcers, etc.

5. Dental Problems

Dental issues may require dental treatment, including extractions, cleaning, and pain management. In order to safeguard your cat's dental health, it is advisable to maintain their oral hygiene on a daily basis. This can be achieved by utilizing dental cleansing powder, offering a teething stick, or engaging in routine brushing of your cat's teeth.

Puainta® Dental Powder for Dogs/ Cats, 30g Helpful for reducing dental plaque and preventing tartar Helpful for reducing oral bacteria, removing dental plaque and getting rid of yellow teeth Cleans teeth and removes odor

When Is Cat Panting an Emergency?

If panting is accompanied by other concerning symptoms such as weakness, collapse, drooling, coughing, wheezing, blue or pale gums, or loss of consciousness, it is a clear emergency. These signs can indicate critical conditions like heart failure, choking, or severe respiratory distress.  If your cat's gums or tongue appear bluish or purplish, it may indicate a lack of oxygen in the bloodstream. 
In any of these emergencies, do not delay in seeking veterinary care. 

Conclusion

Cat panting is not something to be taken lightly. While it may be benign in some situations, such as heat or exertion, it can also be a sign of underlying health problems that require immediate attention. As a responsible pet owner, it's crucial to be attentive to your cat's behavior and seek professional guidance whenever you notice abnormal panting or signs of distress. Your veterinarian is your best resource for ensuring your feline friend's health and well-being.