How Long Is A Dog in Pup​

If you’re a dog owner or breeder and are eagerly anticipating the arrival of puppies, one of the first questions that likely comes to mind is: How long is a dog in pup? Understanding the duration of a dog’s pregnancy and the phases of gestation can help you better prepare for the exciting moment when the puppies are born. This article will delve into the details of canine pregnancy, breaking down the key stages, signs to look out for, and essential care tips.

How Long Is a Dog in Pup?

A typical dog pregnancy lasts around 63 days, which is about 9 weeks. However, the length can vary slightly depending on the breed, the size of the dog, and individual factors. Pregnancies can last anywhere from 58 to 68 days, so if your dog goes into labor a little earlier or later than expected, it’s generally not a cause for concern.

To better understand this timeline, let's break down the phases of pregnancy:

Stages of Canine Pregnancy

1. Fertilization (Week 1)

Once a dog has mated, the sperm will fertilize the eggs. Fertilization usually occurs within the first few days after mating, although sperm can remain viable in the female reproductive tract for up to seven days. After fertilization, the eggs will begin traveling toward the uterus.

2. Implantation (Weeks 2-3)

By the second and third weeks, the fertilized eggs have implanted themselves in the lining of the uterus. During this phase, the embryos begin to develop, though outward signs of pregnancy in your dog may still be subtle.

3. Fetal Development (Weeks 3-6)

The embryos begin to grow rapidly from weeks 3 to 6. Around day 28 to 30, an ultrasound can confirm the pregnancy and may even reveal the number of puppies. At this stage, you might notice the dog’s belly beginning to enlarge, and her appetite could increase. The fetuses will start forming key organs, bones, and limbs during this critical period.

4. Final Development and Preparation for Birth (Weeks 7-9)

The final stage of pregnancy involves rapid fetal growth and preparation for birth. By week 7, the puppies’ skeletons have formed, and they are now covered with fur. The mother dog’s belly will appear significantly larger, and she may start displaying nesting behaviors as she prepares a comfortable space for delivery.

During the 8th and 9th weeks, the mother dog may show signs of discomfort as she gets ready to whelp (give birth). It’s crucial to ensure she has a quiet, safe, and comfortable area for labor and delivery.

Signs That Your Dog Is Pregnant

While the most reliable way to confirm pregnancy is through a veterinarian's exam or ultrasound, you can keep an eye out for these signs:

• Behavioral changes:
  Pregnant dogs may become more affectionate or clingy, while some may become more reserved or withdrawn.
• Changes in appetite:
  Early on, some dogs experience a slight decrease in appetite. By the second month, however, her appetite usually increases.
• Weight gain and abdominal enlargement:
  As the pregnancy progresses, her belly will become noticeably larger, especially in the last few weeks.
• Increased nipple size and milk production:
  The dog’s nipples will become more prominent and may produce a small amount of milk as her due date nears.
• Nesting behavior:
  Toward the end of pregnancy, your dog may begin arranging bedding or seeking out cozy, quiet spots as she prepares for labor.

Dog Pregnancy Signs Week by Week

Dog pregnancy signs can vary week by week, with notable changes appearing as the pregnancy progresses:

Weeks 1-2:
After mating, fertilization occurs, but no obvious physical signs are noticeable. However, some dogs may experience slight behavior changes, such as mild lethargy or appetite fluctuations.

Weeks 3-4:
The embryos implant in the uterus. You might notice a slight increase in appetite and mild weight gain. The dog may also have mood changes, becoming more affectionate or withdrawn. By week 4, an ultrasound can confirm pregnancy.

Weeks 5-6:
Significant physical changes begin. The belly enlarges, and nipples may darken and enlarge. Appetite increases, and the dog may become more tired.

Weeks 7-8:
Rapid puppy growth occurs. The dog’s abdomen becomes more pronounced, and she may start "nesting" (preparing a spot for labor). Milk production may begin, and restlessness can be seen.

Weeks 8-9:
Final preparation for birth. Your dog may show nesting behaviors and experience a drop in body temperature 24 hours before labor begins. Watch for signs of labor like panting or restlessness.

Canine Pregnancy Care: What You Should Do

Proper care is essential for a healthy pregnancy and delivery. Below are tips to ensure both mother and puppies remain in good health.

1. Veterinary Visits

Schedule regular vet check-ups during the pregnancy. Your vet will monitor the health of the mother and puppies and provide guidance on nutrition and exercise. Around day 28 to 30, the vet can confirm pregnancy via ultrasound or a blood test to detect a hormone called relaxin, which is present during pregnancy.

2. Diet and Nutrition

As her pregnancy advances, your dog will require more calories to support both herself and her growing puppies. You may need to switch her to a high-quality puppy food to meet her nutritional needs. Ensure she has plenty of fresh water and try to offer her meals in smaller, more frequent portions, especially as her belly enlarges.

3. Exercise

Light to moderate exercise is important to keep her muscles toned and support circulation. However, avoid overly strenuous activities, especially as she nears the end of her pregnancy. Gentle walks and playtime are generally safe throughout the pregnancy.

4. Nesting and Preparing for Labor

As labor approaches, ensure your dog has a quiet, safe space to deliver her puppies. You can create a "whelping box" with soft bedding where she feels secure. Keep this area in a quiet part of your home and free of distractions.

5. Signs of Labor

Knowing the signs that your dog is about to give birth will help you prepare. Signs that labor is imminent include:

• Restlessness or pacing
• Panting
• Shivering or trembling
• Nesting or scratching at the bedding
• A drop in body temperature (from around 101-102°F to 98-99°F)

Labor typically begins within 24 hours of the drop in body temperature. If your dog shows signs of distress or if labor doesn’t begin within this window, contact your veterinarian.
Also Read: Signs Your Dog Is Going Into Labor Soon

The Whelping Process: What to Expect

Once labor begins, your dog will go through three distinct stages:

• Stage 1:
  The cervix begins to dilate, and uterine contractions start. This stage can last up to 12 hours, and your dog will likely be restless or uncomfortable.
• Stage 2:
  The puppies are born. This stage typically lasts several hours, depending on the number of puppies. Puppies should arrive at intervals of 30 to 60 minutes, although it’s normal for there to be pauses of up to two hours between pups.
• Stage 3:
  After each puppy, the placenta is delivered. The mother may rest in between delivering pups but should not go more than two hours between deliveries.

Once all the puppies have been born, it’s important to monitor both the mother and puppies to ensure they are all healthy. The puppies should nurse within the first few hours, and the mother should be resting comfortably.

FAQs

How many puppies can a dog have?

The number of puppies can vary depending on the breed and size of the dog. Small breeds may have 1-4 puppies, while large breeds can have litters of 8 or more.
Related: When Do Puppies Open Their Eyes

Can a dog have puppies after 63 days?

Yes, a normal dog pregnancy can last anywhere between 58 and 68 days. If your dog hasn’t gone into labor by day 68, consult a veterinarian.

How soon can a dog get pregnant after giving birth?

Female dogs can go into heat as soon as four months after giving birth, but it’s advisable to give her time to recover fully before breeding again.
Risks of Health Issues in Dogs Without Enough Care After Birth: Uterus Infection in Dogs

Can you feel puppies inside the dog’s belly?

Around day 28-35 of pregnancy, you may be able to feel the puppies by gently pressing on her belly. However, this should only be done by a veterinarian or with their guidance to avoid harming the puppies.

What should I do if my dog shows signs of distress during labor?

If your dog seems to be in severe discomfort, strains for more than two hours without delivering a puppy, or shows signs of distress, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Conclusion

Canine pregnancy is an exciting and sometimes nerve-wracking experience, but understanding the timeline and stages of your dog’s pregnancy can make the process smoother. By providing the right care and preparation, you’ll be ready for the arrival of a healthy litter of puppies. If you have any concerns or questions along the way, your veterinarian can provide expert advice tailored to your dog’s individual needs.