Dog Constipation: Causes, Symptoms, and Remedies

Just like humans, dogs can experience gastrointestinal issues, including constipation. Constipation refers to an inability to produce normal stools on a regular schedule, which, for a dog, is generally once or twice per day. Dogs who are suffering from constipation will not “go” at all, strain to defecate or produce rock-hard stools.  Luckily, it is typically a temporary condition. But if not treated, severe constipation can lead to a condition called obstipation, in which defecation is impossible. Prolonged or repeated obstipation can lead to a megacolon. In this condition, the muscles of the colon wall become permanently stretched and can no longer function properly.

So dog owners need to pay attention to the symptoms of constipation in dogs and treat it in time to prevent it from leading to serious health problems.

Here’s what you need to know about constipation in dogs, from signs and causes to when you can treat it at home and when you need to go to the vet.

Related: Why is My Dogs Poop Green

How to Tell If Your Dog is Constipated?

The signs of constipation are pretty obvious, including:

• A noticeable decrease in the frequency of your dog's bowel movements or the absence of bowel movements for more than 48 hours.
• The stools are hard, dry that feel like pebbles when you pick them up.
• Dog straining, squatting for extended periods, or assuming an unusual posture while attempting to defecate, could be a sign of constipation.
• Tenesmus, which includes straining to defecate with little or no result, or producing small amounts of liquid fecal matter mixed with blood.

If left untreated, constipation can lead to lethargy, vomiting, depression, and loss of appetite.

What Causes Constipation?

Under normal conditions, fecal material is absorbed there in the colon for water and electrolytes. If this process is impaired or slowed down, the fecal mass stays in the colon and continues to lose water, becoming hard, dry, and eventually unable to pass. This leads to constipation.

There are several colon diseases that can contribute to constipation in dogs. These conditions affect the colon (large intestine) and can disrupt normal bowel movements. 

• Megacolon
• Colonic Motility Disorders
• Colonic Obstruction
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
• Colitis

Other common causes of dog constipation:

1. Inadequate Hydration

Insufficient water intake can lead to dehydration, resulting in the formation of dry and hard stools. If a dog does not have access to fresh water or does not drink enough, it can contribute to constipation.

2. Lack of Dietary Fiber

A diet low in fiber can be a significant cause of constipation in dogs. Fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps in maintaining regular bowel movements. If a dog's diet lacks fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, or whole grains, it can lead to constipation.

3. Age and Mobility

Older dogs or dogs with limited mobility may be more prone to constipation. Reduced muscle tone in the digestive tract and decreased physical activity can contribute to slower bowel movements and constipation.

4. Lack of Exercise

Inadequate physical activity or lack of exercise can impact a dog's digestion and bowel movements. Regular exercise stimulates the muscles of the digestive system and helps promote healthy bowel movements. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to constipation.

5. Gland Problems

6. Gastrointestinal Disorders

7. Stress or Anxiety

8. Ingesting Foreign Objects

How Vets Diagnose What’s Causing Your Dog’s Constipation?

The diagnosis of dog constipation usually involves examining your dog's abdomen and performing a rectal exam. Your veterinarian may also ask if your dog has a history of poor diet (tendency to eat unusual foods).

To determine the cause of your dog's constipation, your veterinarian will want to know how long your dog has been constipated. They will also want to know if your dog has eaten anything unusual or difficult to digest that may increase the "stool volume" or may cause pain, thus hindering your dog's ability to have a bowel movement.

Your veterinarian may also consider other potentially relevant factors, including recent surgery, previous pelvic trauma, and possible radiation therapy. X-rays may be needed to help identify any foreign bodies, obstructions, or abnormalities in the colon or other parts of the digestive system The veterinarian will palpate the abdomen and assess the anal area for any blockages or abnormalities. 

If inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or other chronic conditions are suspected, your veterinarian may recommend a biopsy of the intestinal tissue. This is usually done through endoscopy or surgery, which allows for a closer look at the lining of the intestines.

How Vets Treat Dog Constipation?

Treatment of constipation in dogs depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. If the constipation is severe or there is a physical obstruction, the veterinarian may manually remove the affected feces. This is usually done under sedation or anesthesia to ensure the dog's comfort.

If dehydration is a factor in constipation, the veterinarian may administer fluids subcutaneously or intravenously.

If the dog's constipation is severe, the veterinarian may prescribe medications to help alleviate the condition. Examples include laxatives, stool softeners, or prokinetic medications that promote bowel movements. Enemas or lubricants are used to help soften the stool and facilitate its passage. 

Home Remedy for Constipated Dog- What Can I Give My Dog for Constipation?

If the problem has only just begun - no more than a day or two - some home remedies may get things back to normal!

1. FreshWater

Make sure your dog always has access to fresh, clean water. Adequate water will help soften stools and promote bowel movements.

2. Canned Dog Food

The softer food and higher moisture content will help regulate their digestive system and create softer stool. You should mix canned food in with their normal food to avoid an upset stomach.

3. Take Your Dog for a Walk

Try taking your dog for long walks or more frequent walks. Exercise stimulates the colon and can relieve constipation.

4. Probiotics

If your dog is constantly constipated, probiotics may be a viable option. There are a number of probiotics you can obtain that are specifically designed for dogs. They help promote healthy bacteria in the intestines, which helps with the digestion of food. Make sure you don't feed your puppy human probiotics as they may harm your puppy.

5. Fish Oil

Sardine Fish Oil is an excellent source of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. It can help your dog's digestive system and intestinal health. If you want to try feeding your pup flaxseed, you can add a little bit to their daily food or sprinkle a little bit on some plain Greek yogurt.

6. Massage 

Give your dog a massage. Massage can be beneficial for relieving dog constipation in some cases. Massaging the dog's abdomen in a gentle and circular motion can help stimulate the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, promote intestinal motility, and facilitate bowel movements. 

Here are some tips for performing a gentle abdominal massage for your constipated dog:

• Place your dog in a comfortable position, lying on their side or back, where you can easily access their abdomen.
• Start by using gentle pressure and circular motions with your fingertips on your dog's abdomen. Begin near the ribcage and gradually move towards the hind end. Ensure that the pressure is firm enough to be effective but gentle enough not to cause discomfort or pain.
• The duration and frequency of the massage depend on your dog's comfort level and response. Aim for 5-10 minutes per session. You can perform the massage once or twice a day, as needed.

7. Fiber

Adding fiber to your dog's diet can help promote regular bowel movements. You can try adding fiber-rich foods to their meals, such as canned pumpkin (plain, no added sugar or spices), cooked green beans, or a small amount of bran.

How Fast Does Pumpkin Work for Dog Constipation?

In general, canned pumpkin (plain, without added sugars or spices) can be effective in relieving constipation in dogs within 24-48 hours in mild cases.

How to Prevent Your Dog From Getting Constipated？

Here are some other helpful tips for preventing constipation:

• Closely monitor the frequency and consistency of your dog's stools.
• Make sure your dog gets plenty of exercise each day.
• Avoid dehydration by providing multiple sources of fresh water or feeding canned food to increase water intake.
• Groom your dog regularly and keep the hair around the anus short.
• Avoid giving your dog bones or other hard-to-digest items, and prohibit access to things that can cause constipation, including garbage or clothing.
• Other management options that can promote regular bowel movements and a healthy gut include daily probiotics and acupuncture.

FAQs

Can Dewormer Cause Constipation in Dogs?

Yes, certain types of dewormers can potentially cause constipation in dogs as a side effect. Most commonly, dewormers that contain ingredients like pyrantel or praziquantel may lead to temporary changes in bowel movements, including constipation or firmer stools. These effects are typically mild and temporary, lasting for a few days after administration.

Do Antibiotics Cause Constipation in Dogs?

Yes, antibiotics can sometimes cause constipation in dogs as a side effect. Antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the gut, which can lead to changes in bowel movements. This disruption can result in constipation or other gastrointestinal issues in some dogs. 

How Much Pumpkin to Give a Dog for Constipation?

Feed 1-4 tablespoons per meal, depending on the size of your dog. (1 TB for small breeds, 2-3 TB for medium breeds, 4 TB for large breeds)

Can I Give My Dog Olive Oil for Constipation?

It is not recommended to feed your dog coconut oil or olive oil. Improper dosage can lead to pancreatitis, bloating, vomiting, or diarrhea. Talk to your veterinarian first.

Can Chicken and Rice Make a Dog Constipated

Eggs and rice do not cause constipation in dogs, and for dogs with digestive problems or sensitive stomachs, chicken and rice is the light diet usually recommended.

Is Milk Good for Dog Constipation?

While milk is a common human remedy for constipation, it is generally not recommended as a solution for dog constipation. Because many dogs are lactose intolerant, meaning they lack the enzyme necessary to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk. Feeding milk to a lactose-intolerant dog can lead to digestive upset, including diarrhea and gas.