Dandruff on Dogs

Dandruff is a common skin condition that affects not only humans but also our furry friends - dogs. Just like humans, dogs can develop dandruff, and it can be a source of discomfort for them. In this article, we will explore the causes of dandruff in dogs, how to treat it, and steps you can take to prevent it.

Can Dogs Get Dandruff Like Humans Do?

Dogs can indeed experience dandruff, akin to humans. This condition in dogs is often colloquially known as 'doggy dandruff' or 'canine dandruff.' It manifests as the shedding of dry skin cells from a dog's coat, accompanied by itching and skin irritation. Prolonged scratching due to dandruff may even lead to hair loss.

The medical term for dandruff in dogs is 'seborrhea,' which your veterinarian may use when diagnosing the condition. It's worth noting that 'dandruff' and 'seborrhea' are sometimes used interchangeably, but seborrhea represents just one of the causes of dandruff in dogs.

Seborrhea in dogs is a skin disorder characterized by an abnormality in the keratinization process of the outer layer of the skin, hair follicles, or claws. Keratinization refers to the continuous renewal of the skin's protective outer layer through the production of new skin cells.

Seborrhea tends to result in an excess buildup of scales, an overly greasy skin and hair coat, and frequently, secondary inflammation and infections.

There are two forms of seborrhea: primary and secondary. Primary seborrhea has a genetic basis and is more prevalent in certain breeds like American Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, Basset Hounds, West Highland White Terriers, Dachshunds, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds. It typically starts around 18 to 24 months of age and progresses throughout a dog's life, with genetic factors playing a key role in its development.

Types of Dandruff in Dogs

Seborrhea Sicca (Dry Seborrhea): This type of dandruff in dogs is characterized by dry, flaky skin and is often referred to as "dry seborrhea." It results in the formation of small, white, or grayish flakes on the dog's skin and coat. Seborrhea sicca is typically caused by an underproduction of skin oils (sebum), leading to skin dryness and flaking. Dogs with this condition may exhibit itching and discomfort.

Seborrhea Oleosa (Oily Seborrhea): Seborrhea oleosa, on the other hand, is characterized by excessive oiliness of the skin and coat. This type of dandruff results in greasy, yellowish scales or flakes on the dog's skin. It is caused by an overproduction of sebum, which can create an environment conducive to the growth of yeast and bacteria on the skin. Dogs with seborrhea oleosa may have a strong, unpleasant odor, and their skin can become inflamed and prone to secondary infections.

There is another type called walking dandruff in dogs.

What is Walking Dandruff in Dogs?

"Walking dandruff" is a colloquial term used to describe a skin condition in dogs caused by a specific type of mite called Cheyletiella. The medical term for this condition is "Cheyletiellosis." It is also occasionally referred to as "Cheyletiella mange." While this condition primarily affects dogs, it can also affect cats and rabbits.

Cheyletiella mites are highly contagious and can be transmitted from one animal to another through direct contact or by sharing bedding, grooming tools, or living spaces. The name "walking dandruff" is derived from the appearance of these mites, which are often visible as tiny white or yellowish specks moving around on the dog's skin and coat. These mites feed on the skin's surface, causing irritation, itching, and flaking.

What Causes Dandruff in Dogs?

Dandruff in dogs can be classified into several types, each with its underlying causes and characteristics. Here are some of the common types of dandruff in dogs:

• Dry Skin: This is one of the most common types of dandruff in dogs. It occurs when the dog's skin lacks sufficient moisture, leading to flaking and shedding of dry skin cells. Dry skin dandruff can be seasonal, with symptoms worsening during dry or cold weather.
• Seborrheic Dermatitis: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition characterized by excessive oiliness (sebum) and flakiness of the skin. It can result from an overproduction of sebum or an abnormal response to it. Seborrheic dermatitis can be primary (genetic) or secondary to an underlying condition.
• Allergies: Dogs can develop dandruff due to allergies, which may be caused by certain foods, environmental allergens (such as pollen or dust mites), or contact allergens (like certain grooming products or fabrics). Allergies can lead to skin irritation and flaking.
• Parasites: Infestations of external parasites like fleas, ticks, or mites can cause skin irritation and lead to dandruff. The itching and scratching associated with these infestations can exacerbate the problem.
• Fungal Infections: Fungal infections of the skin, such as ringworm, can lead to dandruff. These infections often cause circular patches of hair loss with flaky skin around the edges.
• Bacterial Infections: Bacterial infections of the skin can cause inflammation and scaling, resulting in dandruff. These infections may be secondary to other underlying skin conditions or injuries.
• Hormonal imbalances: Such as hypothyroidism, can affect a dog's skin health and lead to dandruff. In such cases, addressing the underlying hormonal issue is crucial for resolving the dandruff.
• Inadequate Nutrition: Dietary deficiencies can manifest as dry, flaky skin in dogs. Ensuring your dog receives a balanced and nutritious diet can help prevent nutritional dandruff.

How to Treat Dandruff in Dogs?

The treatment of dandruff in dogs depends on its underlying cause. It's essential to determine the specific reason for your dog's dandruff before starting treatment. Here are some general steps and considerations for treating dandruff in dogs:

Regular Grooming

Regular grooming can help remove dead skin cells and distribute natural oils on your dog's skin and coat. Brushing your dog can also help improve circulation and reduce dandruff.

Hydration

Make sure your dog has access to clean, fresh water at all times. Proper hydration is essential for maintaining healthy skin.

Bathing

Use a mild, moisturizing dog shampoo that is specifically formulated to address dry or sensitive skin. Bathing your dog too frequently can strip their skin of natural oils, so follow your veterinarian's advice on the appropriate bathing schedule.

The frequency of dog bathing can vary widely depending on several factors, including your dog's breed, coat type, activity level, and overall health. 

• Short-Haired Dogs: Short-haired breeds like Beagles or Boxers may need baths less frequently, typically every 2 to 3 months, or as needed if they get dirty.
• Double-Coated Breeds: Breeds with double coats, such as Huskies or Golden Retrievers, should be bathed less often to avoid stripping their natural oils. Every 4 to 6 months or less is usually sufficient.
• Long-Haired or Curly-Coated Breeds: Breeds like Poodles or Yorkshire Terriers with long or curly coats may require more frequent baths, every 4 to 6 weeks, to prevent matting and maintain coat health.
• Activity Level: Dogs that are very active and spend a lot of time outdoors may get dirty more quickly and need more frequent baths.

Dietary Adjustments

Ensure your dog is on a well-balanced and nutritious diet. Some dogs may benefit from supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids, which can promote healthy skin and coat. 

Humidifier Usage

Dry indoor air can lead to dry skin for both humans and dogs. This can cause discomfort, itching, and even contribute to dandruff in dogs. Adding moisture to the air with a humidifier can help maintain proper skin hydration.

Parasite Control

Ensure your dog is protected against external parasites like fleas and ticks. Regular use of flea and tick preventives can help prevent skin irritation and dandruff caused by these parasites.

Common flea repellents for pets typically contain various active ingredients designed to repel or kill fleas and other parasites. These ingredients can be found in a variety of products, including topical spot-on treatments, flea collars, shampoos, sprays, and oral medications. 

• Fipronil
• Imidacloprid
• Selamectin
• Permethrin
• Lufenuron
• Nitenpyram
• Spinosad

Allergy Management

If allergies are the underlying cause of dandruff, work with your veterinarian to identify and manage allergens that affect your dog. This may involve dietary changes, hypoallergenic shampoos, or allergy medications.

In cases of severe allergies, the veterinarian may recommend the use of antihistamines or steroids as part of the treatment plan.

Common antihistamines, both for humans and some pets, contain various active ingredients that work to block the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during allergic reactions. Here are some common active ingredients found in antihistamine medications:

• Diphenhydramine
• Loratadine
• Cetirizine
• Clemastine
• Chlorpheniramine

Topical Medications

In cases where dandruff is due to underlying medical conditions like seborrhea or skin infections, your veterinarian may prescribe medications such as antifungals, antibiotics, or corticosteroids.

	Puainta® Ointment for Ringworm or Fungal Infections in Dogs and Cats Anti-fungal ointment; Helps to treat ringworm in dogs and cats; Helps to reduce itching, redness and hair loss
	Puainta® Pipot Skin Spray for Dogs/ Cats Rapidly Eliminates Over 650 Types of Bacteria and Fungi Deep Subcutaneous Penetration for Antibacterial Action Promotes Wound Healing, Skin Renewal, and Soothes Itching We employ advanced slow-release technology to infuse nano-silver particles, ensuring long-lasting effectiveness and sustained antibacterial benefits

Should You Wash a Dog with Dandruff?

Washing a dog with dandruff can be helpful in managing the condition, but it should be done with care and consideration of the underlying cause of the dandruff. Use a mild, moisturizing dog shampoo specifically designed for dry or sensitive skin. Avoid using harsh or human shampoos, as they can strip your dog's skin of natural oils and worsen the condition.

Use lukewarm water for the bath, as hot water can further dry out the skin. Ensure that the water temperature is comfortable for your dog.

After the bath, gently brush your dog's coat to remove dead skin cells and distribute natural oils. Use a soft brush or one designed for dogs with sensitive skin.

Shampoo for Dandruff in Dogs

While the specific ingredients can vary between products, here are some common ingredients that can be effective in relieving dandruff in dogs:

• Salicylic Acid: Salicylic acid is an exfoliating agent that can help remove dead skin cells. It is sometimes used in medicated dog shampoos for dandruff caused by excessive flaking.
• Chlorhexidine: Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic agent used to treat skin infections. It may be included in medicated dog shampoos when dandruff is associated with a skin infection.
• Glycerin: Glycerin is a humectant, which means it can help attract and retain moisture in the skin. It can be beneficial in dog shampoos for dandruff as it helps hydrate dry skin.
• Coconut Oil: Coconut oil has natural moisturizing properties and can help alleviate dryness and flakiness in the skin. It is often used in dog shampoos for its skin-conditioning benefits.
• Tea Tree Oil: Tea tree oil is sometimes used in dog shampoos for its antimicrobial properties. It may help address fungal or bacterial infections that can contribute to dandruff.
• Vitamin E: Vitamin E is an antioxidant that can help nourish the skin and promote skin health.

Puainta® Sensitive Skin Shampoo for Dogs, 250ml Ingredients Chamomile, rosemary, sophora flavescens and coconut oil.

FAQs

Is dandruff in dogs serious?

Dandruff in dogs is generally not a serious condition on its own, but it can indicate an underlying issue that may require attention. Whether or not dandruff is a cause for concern depends on its severity, the underlying cause, and how it affects your dog's overall well-being. 

Can dandruff cause hair loss in dogs?

In some cases, if dandruff is severe and leads to excessive scratching and skin damage, it can contribute to hair loss. Hair loss (alopecia) may not be directly caused by dandruff but can be a secondary consequence of the dog's attempts to relieve itching and irritation.

Is dandruff contagious in dogs?

Dandruff itself is not contagious in dogs. It's a skin condition caused by various factors, and it cannot be transmitted from one dog to another through contact. However, if the underlying cause of dandruff is an infectious condition, such as a fungal or bacterial skin infection, then the infection itself may be contagious.

Conclusion

Dandruff in dogs can be uncomfortable and bothersome, but with proper care and attention, it can often be managed and prevented. Understanding the underlying causes and seeking veterinary advice when necessary is key to maintaining your dog's skin and coat health. By providing a balanced diet, appropriate grooming, and a loving environment, you can help your furry friend stay dandruff-free and enjoy a happy, healthy life.

Related: Why Does My Dog Have Dandruff