Sarcoptic Mange in Cats

Mange in cats is a common skin condition in cats that can cause discomfort and distress to both the feline and its owner. This parasitic infestation is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin and hair follicles, leading to a variety of skin problems. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for mange in cats.

What is Mange in Cats?

Mange in cats is a skin condition caused by infestations of microscopic mites. These mites can burrow into a cat's skin and hair follicles, leading to a variety of skin problems and discomfort for the affected feline. 

Types of Mange in Cats

There are different types of mange in cats, primarily sarcoptic mange and demodectic mange, each caused by specific species of mites.

1. Sarcoptic Mange (Scabies)

Sarcoptes scabiei mites are responsible for sarcoptic mange in cats.
Highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with infected animals.

Symptoms include

• intense itching

• hair loss

• redness

• crusting

• open sores

Sarcoptic mange is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted to humans.

2. Demodectic Mange (Demodicosis)

Demodectic mange is caused by two species of mites: Demodex cati and Demodex gatoi.
Demodex mites are typically present on the skin in small numbers but can multiply and cause problems when the cat's immune system is weakened.

Symptoms include

• localized or generalized hair loss

• thickened skin

• secondary bacterial infections

Unlike sarcoptic mange, demodectic mange is not considered highly contagious among cats or to humans.

3. Ear Mites (Otodectic Mange)

Ear mites, scientifically known as Otodectes cynotis, are tiny parasitic mites that infest the ears of cats. They feed on earwax and skin oils, leading to inflammation, itching, and discomfort.

Cats with ear mites often shake their heads, scratch their ears, and may have a dark, crumbly discharge in their ears. Ear mites are highly contagious and can be transmitted to other cats or pets.

4. Walking Dandruff (Cheyletiellosis)

Cheyletiellosis, commonly referred to as "walking dandruff," is caused by Cheyletiella mites. These mites are larger than most other mites and are visible to the naked eye. They live on the surface of the cat's skin and create a characteristic appearance of moving white flakes or "dandruff" on the fur.

Cats with Cheyletiellosis may experience itching, skin irritation, and hair loss.

5. Trombiculosis

Trombiculosis is not a type of mange but rather a condition caused by chiggers, which are the larvae of trombiculid mites. These mites are most active during warm months.

Cats can become infested when they come into contact with chigger larvae in grassy areas. Infestations typically lead to intense itching, redness, and small, raised bumps on the cat's skin.

While trombiculosis is not a form of mange, it is a skin condition caused by mites.

Mange vs Ringworm in Cats

Mange in cats is caused by parasitic mites and leads to itching, hair loss, and skin irritation. Ringworm, on the other hand, is a fungal infection that causes circular, red, and scaly skin lesions and is highly contagious. 

What Causes Mange in Cats?

The various types of mange in cats are caused by different species of mites. Here's a breakdown of the specific mites responsible for each type of mange:

• Ear Mites (Otodectic Mange): Caused by Otodectes cynotis, these mites infest the ears of cats and are responsible for ear mite infections.

• Walking Dandruff (Cheyletiellosis): Cheyletiellosis, or "walking dandruff," is caused by Cheyletiella mites, which include Cheyletiella blakei and Cheyletiella parasitovorax.

• Demodectic Mange (Demodicosis): Demodicosis in cats can be caused by various Demodex mites, including Demodex gatoi, Demodex cati, or rare, unnamed species of Demodex.

• Feline Scabies: Feline scabies is primarily caused by Notoedres cati, while Sarcoptes scabiei (known as canine scabies) can also affect cats.

• Chiggers (Trombiculosis): Trombiculosis is caused by the larval mites in the Trombiculidae family, which include various species of chiggers.

• Fur Mites: Fur mites, such as Lynxacarus radovskyi, are responsible for infestations of the fur and skin in cats.

Home Remedies for Mange in Cats

Mange can be caused by various types of mites, and treatment requires proper identification of the specific mite and the use of appropriate medications. However, here are some home care tips that can complement veterinary treatment:

• Keep Your Cat Clean: Gently clean your cat's skin with a mild, hypoallergenic cat shampoo. 

• Isolate Infected Cats: If you have multiple cats, isolate the infected cat to prevent the mites from spreading to healthy pets.

• Wash Bedding and Toys: Regularly wash and disinfect your cat's bedding, blankets, and toys to minimize mite contamination. 

• Topical Relief: Some natural remedies, like aloe vera gel or calendula cream, may provide temporary relief from itching and skin irritation. 

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3 fatty acid supplements(fish oil for cats) can promote healthy skin and may help alleviate some of the symptoms associated with mange. 

Hypoallergenic Cat Shampoo

The plant-added formula helps cats' skin health and helps improve fur problems. suitable for dandruff, itching, large area ringworm, skin problems, etc.

Anti-mite Spray to Eliminate Mites, for Household

Indicated for the control of common dust mites, acarid mites, and other mites in the environment.

Can I Use Apple Cider Vinegar for Cat Mange?

Apple cider vinegar is a popular home remedy for various skin issues in pets, including mange. While some people believe that apple cider vinegar may help alleviate itching and soothe irritated skin, it's important to note that its effectiveness in treating mange can vary, and it should not replace professional veterinary care. 

Here are some guidelines if you choose to use apple cider vinegar for your cat's mange:

• Dilution: The recommended ratio is typically one part apple cider vinegar to three parts water. 

• Avoid Eyes and Open Sores: Be extremely cautious when applying any solution near your cat's eyes, ears, or open sores.

When to Go To the Vet?

Here are some specific circumstances when you should go to the vet if you suspect your cat has mange:

• Visible Symptoms: If you observe symptoms such as intense itching, hair loss, redness, crusting, or any unusual skin changes, it's time to see the vet.

• Multiple Pets: If you have multiple pets, especially if they share living spaces, and one cat shows signs of mange, it's essential to consult a vet promptly. Mange can be contagious, and early intervention can prevent it from spreading to other animals.

• Recurring Symptoms: If your cat has had mange in the past, and the symptoms reappear, consult your vet. It could be a recurrent infestation or another skin issue.

• Secondary Infections: If your cat develops secondary skin infections due to constant scratching and biting, they require medical attention. Signs of infection may include pus, swelling, or a foul odor.

How to Treat Mange in Cats

The treatment of mange in cats varies depending on the specific type of mange and the severity of the infestation. Here are treatment guidelines for the five most common types of mange in cats:

1. Sarcoptic Mange (Scabies)

Diagnosis is essential, and your vet may perform skin scrapings to identify the mites.
Treatment often involves prescription medications such as selamectin, ivermectin, or milbemycin oxime. These medications are typically administered orally or topically.

2. Demodectic Mange (Demodicosis)

Demodicosis in cats often occurs due to an underlying health issue, so your veterinarian will address any underlying conditions.
Topical treatments or oral medications like milbemycin oxime may be prescribed.

3. Ear Mites (Otodectic Mange)

Treatment typically involves cleaning the ears to remove debris and applying prescription ear drops or ointments.
All cats in the household should be treated, even if they don't show symptoms.
Clean and disinfect the cat's bedding and living area.

Recommended medication

This package comprises ear cleaning solution, ear drops, and deworming drops, offering a comprehensive approach to eliminate ear mites. To use it effectively, start with the ear cleaning solution, followed by the ear drops treatment and the application of insect repellent drops as directed in the product instructions, which specify the precise number and frequency of applications.

4. Walking Dandruff (Cheyletiellosis)

Your vet may recommend topical treatments or medicated shampoos.
Frequent grooming and brushing to remove dead skin and mites.
While no product’s licensed specifically to treat walking dandruff in cats, it can be treated with flea and tick medications.

Puainta® Fipronil Spot On Highly effective, targeting scabies mites in all stages of life, including adults, larvae, ticks, fleas, lice, and their eggs.  Say goodbye to those bothersome parasites.

5. Trombiculosis (Chiggers)

Treatment primarily involves symptomatic relief, such as anti-itch medications or topical creams to soothe irritated skin.
Chiggers are temporary parasites, so the infestation may resolve on its own with time. It can also be treated with flea and tick medications.

How Much Does It Cost to Treat Mange in Cats

An initial veterinary consultation, which includes a physical examination and possibly skin scrapings or other diagnostic tests, can range from $50 to $200 or more.

The cost of medications prescribed for mange can vary. Topical treatments, shampoos, and ear drops may cost between $20 and $60, while oral medications can range from $30 to $100 or more.

Is Mange in Cats Contagious?

Yes, mange in cats can be contagious, and the transmission of the condition depends on the specific type of mange and the mites responsible for the infestation. Sarcoptic mange is highly contagious and can easily be transmitted from an infected cat to other cats or pets through close contact. It's worth noting that sarcoptic mange is not limited to cats and can also affect humans, making it a zoonotic disease. Additionally, ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) are another contagious form of mange in cats, spreading readily from one feline to another through close physical contact, such as grooming or sharing bedding.

Conclusion

Mange in cats is a distressing condition, but with prompt veterinary care and proper treatment, it can often be successfully managed and eliminated. If you suspect your cat may have mange, do not hesitate to consult with your veterinarian. Early intervention can help alleviate your cat's discomfort and prevent the spread of the infestation to other pets in your home.