Haws Disease in Cats​

Cats are fascinating creatures with unique anatomical features, one of which is the third eyelid, also called the nictitating membrane. This structure typically remains retracted, hidden from view, and serves as an additional protective layer for the eye. However, when the third eyelid becomes visible and prominent, it can indicate an underlying issue known as Haws syndrome.

What Is Haws Syndrome in Cats?

Haws syndrome refers to the bilateral protrusion of a cat's third eyelids, often due to a gastrointestinal or systemic disturbance. This condition is usually not painful or life-threatening but indicates that something might be off with your cat’s overall health.

While the third eyelids normally rise during moments of stress, illness, or eye irritation, Haws syndrome specifically occurs when both third eyelids protrude symmetrically for extended periods, often due to mild systemic issues.

Symptoms of Haws Syndrome in Cats

Haws syndrome is primarily recognized by its visual symptoms:

1. Visible Third Eyelids: The third eyelids partially cover the inner corner of one or both eyes.
   (Also Read: Cat Third Eyelid)
2. Bilateral Presentation: In most cases, both eyes are affected symmetrically.
3. Otherwise Healthy Appearance: Cats with Haws syndrome generally appear healthy and show no signs of severe discomfort or pain.
4. Mild Gastrointestinal Distress: Some cats may experience diarrhea, vomiting, or reduced appetite.

Unlike eye infections or injuries, the affected eyes in Haws syndrome are typically free from redness, discharge, or swelling.

What Causes Haws Syndrome in Cats?

Haws syndrome is a secondary condition, meaning it arises due to an underlying issue rather than being a primary disease. Common causes include:

1. Gastrointestinal Issues

• Haws syndrome is often linked to intestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, bacterial infections, or inflammation. Cats with sensitive stomachs or dietary changes may develop symptoms.

2. Parasites (e.g., Worms)

• Intestinal parasites, especially tapeworms or roundworms, can irritate the gastrointestinal system and trigger Haws syndrome. These worms create a systemic imbalance, leading to visible changes in the third eyelids.

3. Dehydration

• When a cat is dehydrated, due to vomiting or diarrhea, the third eyelids may protrude as a response to the weakened physical state.

4. Viral or Bacterial Infections

• Viral conditions such as feline herpesvirus or bacterial infections may cause mild inflammation, indirectly affecting the eyes.

5. Idiopathic Causes

• In many cases, the exact cause of Haws syndrome remains unknown, and it resolves on its own as the cat recovers from mild illnesses.

What Does Haws Syndrome Look Like in Cats?

The hallmark of Haws syndrome is the persistent elevation of the third eyelids.

• The membranes appear as whitish, semi-opaque covers at the inner corners of the eyes.
• They can extend up to cover a significant portion of the eyeballs but usually do not obstruct the cat's vision entirely.
• The rest of the eye looks normal: the cornea is clear, the pupils are responsive, and there is no swelling or redness.

Can Worms Cause Haws Syndrome in Cats?

Yes, worms are a common cause of Haws syndrome in cats. Intestinal parasites, such as roundworms and tapeworms, can disrupt the cat’s digestive system and cause systemic inflammation or irritation. This disturbance sometimes manifests as Haws syndrome.

How to Address Worm-Related Haws Syndrome:

1. Deworming Treatment: Administering veterinarian-prescribed deworming medication effectively eliminates the parasites.
2. Routine Parasite Prevention: Regular use of preventive treatments can reduce the likelihood of future infestations.
3. Monitoring Recovery: Once the worms are eliminated, the third eyelids should gradually return to their normal position.

How Do You Treat Haws in Cats?

1. Address the Underlying Cause

• Treating the root issue—be it gastrointestinal problems, dehydration, or parasites—will often resolve Haws syndrome. For example:
  • For diarrhea, a bland diet or probiotics may help.
  • For dehydration, ensure the cat has access to fresh water or provide fluids as directed by a vet.
  • For worms, deworming medication is necessary.

2. Veterinary Examination

• If the third eyelids remain elevated for more than a few days, a veterinary visit is essential. The vet may:
  • Perform a physical exam and assess the eyes.
  • Run diagnostic tests such as stool analysis (to check for parasites) or blood work.

3. Supportive Care

• Hydration: Offer wet food and encourage water intake.
• Eye Care: While Haws syndrome typically doesn’t require direct eye treatment, avoid exposing your cat to irritants.

4. Patience

• In idiopathic cases, Haws syndrome often resolves spontaneously within 1–3 weeks as the cat’s body recovers from the mild illness or disturbance.

How Long Does Haws Syndrome Last?

The duration of Haws syndrome varies depending on the underlying cause:

• Mild Idiopathic Cases: Often resolve within 7–14 days without treatment.
• Gastrointestinal or Worm-Related Cases: The condition improves shortly after treatment for the primary issue, typically within 1–3 weeks.
• Persistent Symptoms: If the third eyelids remain elevated for more than a month, or if the cat exhibits other worrisome signs, further investigation is necessary.

When to See a Veterinarian

Although Haws syndrome is often mild and self-limiting, there are situations where veterinary attention is crucial:

1. Persistent Symptoms: If the third eyelids remain elevated for more than two weeks.
2. Severe Signs: Redness, swelling, or discharge from the eyes.
3. Behavioral Changes: Lethargy, loss of appetite, or worsening gastrointestinal issues.
4. Suspected Worms: If worms are visible in the stool or symptoms of parasite infestation are present.

Prognosis for Cats with Haws Syndrome

In most cases, the prognosis for cats with Haws syndrome is excellent, especially when the underlying cause is addressed promptly. Idiopathic cases resolve on their own, while treatable causes like parasites or mild gastrointestinal issues respond well to medical intervention.

Conclusion

Haws syndrome, while concerning to cat owners, is typically a benign and self-resolving condition that signals a mild disturbance in your cat’s health. Understanding its symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help you take appropriate steps to support your feline companion’s recovery.

Whether caused by gastrointestinal upset, worms, or dehydration, addressing the underlying issue is key to restoring your cat’s bright-eyed, healthy appearance. With proper care and attention, your cat will soon be back to their happy, playful self.