The Real Causes of Hot Spots in Dogs: Beyond Fleas and Allergies

Hot spots in dogs can be frustrating, painful, and confusing for pet owners. You may notice a red, moist, inflamed patch of skin on your dog that seems to appear overnight and spreads quickly as your pup licks, chews, and scratches the area. While most people immediately think of fleas or allergies as the culprit, the truth is that hot spots can develop for many reasons — some of which are often overlooked.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore not only the well-known causes of hot spots but also the hidden triggers, such as high humidity indoors, poor grooming practices, over-bathing, and even stress. By the end, you’ll understand exactly why your dog keeps getting hot spots and how to address the root causes effectively.

What Are Hot Spots in Dogs?

Hot spots, also known as acute moist dermatitis, are localized areas of skin inflammation and bacterial infection. These spots:

• They are often red, warm, and moist.
  
  

• They can ooze pus or have a foul odor.

• They are extremely itchy and painful for dogs.

• They tend to spread rapidly if not treated.

Dogs often make hot spots worse by constantly licking, biting, or scratching the irritated skin, which allows bacteria to multiply and the lesion to grow.

Understanding the real causes of hot spots is crucial because treatment isn’t just about soothing the wound — it’s about stopping the cycle that keeps them coming back.

The Well-Known Causes of Hot Spots in Dogs

Before we dive into the hidden triggers, let’s first cover the classic, widely recognized causes of hot spots. These are the issues most veterinarians check for first.

1. Flea Bites

Fleas are perhaps the most notorious cause of hot spots. When a flea bites, it injects saliva into the dog’s skin, which can trigger an intense allergic reaction known as flea allergy dermatitis (FAD).

• How it causes hot spots: The bite leads to itching → the dog scratches or bites excessively → bacteria enter the broken skin → hot spots develop.

• Key signs: Fleas or flea dirt on your dog’s coat, itching around the tail base, and multiple irritated patches.

Even one or two fleas can cause a severe reaction in sensitive dogs, so consistent flea prevention is essential.

2. Environmental and Food Allergies

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from allergies to pollen, grass, mold, or even ingredients in their food.

• Environmental allergies (atopy): These often flare up seasonally when pollen counts are high.

• Food allergies: Proteins like chicken, beef, or dairy are common culprits.

Allergies make the skin itchy, and dogs respond with excessive scratching and chewing, creating the perfect environment for hot spots.

3. Insect Bites or Stings

Mosquitoes, ticks, or bees can leave behind itchy or painful spots. The dog’s reaction to the sting — usually licking or chewing — can quickly escalate into a hot spot.

4. Ear and Skin Infections

Dogs prone to ear infections (especially breeds with floppy ears like Golden Retrievers or Cocker Spaniels) often develop hot spots around the ears, neck, or cheeks. Underlying yeast or bacterial infections of the skin can also lead to chronic irritation and hot spot formation.

5. Wounds or Scratches

A small cut, scratch, or abrasion may not seem like a big deal, but when a dog licks it repeatedly, the area can turn into a large infected hot spot within hours.

The Hidden Causes of Hot Spots in Dogs

Now that we’ve covered the familiar culprits, let’s move into the less obvious triggers that many dog owners overlook. These hidden causes explain why your dog might keep getting hot spots even when fleas and allergies are under control.

6. High Indoor Humidity

Dogs living in warm, humid environments are at higher risk of skin infections. Even indoor humidity can play a role.

• Why it matters: Moisture trapped in your dog’s coat creates a breeding ground for bacteria. Breeds with dense fur (like German Shepherds or Huskies) are especially vulnerable.

• Example: If you run a humidifier constantly or live in a damp climate, your dog’s skin may never fully dry after grooming or swimming.

7. Poor Grooming Habits

Regular grooming isn’t just for appearances — it’s a health necessity.

• Matted fur: Mats trap moisture and dirt against the skin, leading to irritation and infection.

• Neglected brushing: Without brushing, dead hair and debris can accumulate, reducing airflow to the skin.

• Dirty coat: Dogs who aren’t bathed at all can develop skin buildup that contributes to hot spots.

Ironically, poor grooming can sometimes result from owners being overly cautious about bathing (to avoid over-bathing), but striking the right balance is key.

Also Read: Grooming Mistakes That Lead to Hot Spots on Dogs

8. Over-Bathing and Harsh Shampoos

Too much of a good thing can be harmful. Over-bathing strips your dog’s skin of natural oils, leaving it dry, itchy, and prone to infection.

• Harsh shampoos: Using human shampoo or overly scented pet products can disrupt your dog’s skin barrier.

• Frequent bathing: Unless recommended by your vet, most dogs only need a bath every 4–6 weeks (depending on breed and lifestyle).

If your dog is constantly itchy after baths, this could be a hidden cause of hot spots.

9. Stress and Anxiety

Yes, stress can cause hot spots! Dogs under psychological stress may lick or chew their bodies compulsively, creating self-inflicted wounds.

• Stress triggers include:

  • Moving homes

  • Separation anxiety

  • Loud noises (thunderstorms, fireworks)

  • Changes in household routine

This behavior is similar to humans biting their nails when anxious. Over time, the repeated licking damages the skin, and bacteria take hold.

10. Poor Diet and Nutritional Imbalances

Nutrition directly affects skin health. A diet lacking in essential fatty acids, vitamins, or protein can weaken the skin barrier, making hot spots more likely.

• Common deficiencies linked to skin issues:

  • Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids

  • Zinc

  • Vitamin E

Feeding a high-quality diet with balanced nutrients helps strengthen your dog’s immune system and reduce skin irritation.

11. Seasonal Weather Changes

Some dogs develop hot spots during the summer due to a combination of heat, humidity, and increased outdoor activity. Swimming in lakes, playing in the rain, or simply sweating more under their coats can set the stage for irritation.

12. Parasites Beyond Fleas

While fleas are the main suspect, other parasites such as mites and lice can also cause irritation that leads to hot spots. Dogs with mange often develop severe itching and secondary skin infections.

13. Lack of Physical Activity and Boredom

Dogs who don’t get enough exercise or mental stimulation may engage in excessive licking or chewing simply out of boredom. This can start as a small irritated spot and spiral into a painful hot spot.

Why Does My Dog Keep Getting Hot Spots?

If you’re asking this question, you’re not alone. Many pet parents struggle with recurring hot spots in their dogs. The most common reasons dogs keep getting hot spots include:

• Underlying allergies not fully diagnosed.

• Environmental conditions like humidity or dirty living spaces.

• Poor grooming or coat care (either too much or too little).

• Stress-related licking and chewing behaviors.

• Nutritional deficiencies.

The key is to look beyond fleas and allergies. If your dog is on flea prevention and allergy medications but still develops hot spots, it’s time to investigate the hidden causes listed above.

How to Treat Hot Spots in Dogs

When a hot spot appears, fast action is essential. These lesions can spread rapidly and become severely infected within hours. Fortunately, with the right treatment, most dogs recover quickly. Treatment generally involves addressing the wound itself and managing the underlying cause.

Step 1: Clip and Clean the Affected Area

• Clip the fur: Carefully trim or shave the fur around the hot spot to expose the skin and allow airflow. This helps the wound dry out and makes it easier to apply medication.

• Clean the wound: Use a gentle antiseptic solution like diluted chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine. Avoid harsh chemicals like hydrogen peroxide, which can damage healthy tissue.

Step 2: Relieve Pain and Itching

Hot spots are extremely uncomfortable. Relieving the itch is critical to prevent further self-trauma.

• Topical sprays or ointments: Your vet may recommend medicated sprays containing hydrocortisone, lidocaine, or antibiotics to soothe inflammation and control infection.

  Puainta® Quantum Silver Anti-Itch Skin Spray is designed to provide fast relief for dogs suffering from hot spots. This upgraded formula helps soothe irritated skin, dry out and heal damp lesions, and relieve itching without stinging. With natural antibacterial and antifungal properties, it also helps control infections and prevent the spread of lesions, leaving your dog’s skin healthier, calmer, and more comfortable.

  

• Oral medications: In more severe cases, veterinarians often prescribe antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or steroids to control the infection and inflammation.

Step 3: Prevent Further Licking or Scratching

Dogs instinctively lick wounds, which worsens hot spots.

• Elizabethan collar (cone): A cone prevents your dog from reaching the hot spot while it heals.

• Soft recovery collars or protective shirts: Alternatives for dogs that find cones stressful.

Step 4: Identify and Treat the Underlying Cause

Treating the wound alone isn’t enough. You must address what triggered the hot spot in the first place:

• Fleas or parasites: Ensure your dog is on a reliable flea/tick preventive.

• Allergies: Work with your vet to test for food or environmental allergies.

• Humidity or moisture: Thoroughly dry your dog after swimming or bathing.

• Stress: Reduce stress through enrichment, exercise, and routine.

• Diet: Consider a diet review or supplements if nutritional deficiencies are suspected.

Step 5: Support Healing with Home Care

• Keep the area dry and clean. Moisture fuels bacterial growth.

• Monitor for signs of infection. If you notice pus, swelling, foul odor, or spreading redness, see your vet immediately.

• Recheck with your veterinarian. Persistent or recurring hot spots may signal deeper medical issues like chronic allergies or immune imbalances.

Prevention Strategies for Hot Spots

Since hot spots often have multiple triggers, prevention requires a multifaceted approach. Here are proven ways to keep your dog’s skin healthy and reduce the risk of hot spots:

1. Maintain Regular Grooming

   • Brush your dog regularly to remove dead hair and prevent matting.

   • Keep your dog’s coat trimmed in humid climates.

2. Bathe Wisely

   • Avoid over-bathing; stick to every 4–6 weeks unless otherwise directed.

   • Use a gentle, vet-approved shampoo. If your dog has sensitive skin, please use hypoallergenic shampoos.

     Puainta® Banov Shampoo is specially formulated for dogs with sensitive skin, combining gentle plant-based ingredients to soothe irritation and relieve itching. Infused with Chamomile, Rosemary, Sophora Flavescens, and Coconut Oil, this herbal shampoo supports healthy skin and a soft, shiny coat while offering natural antibacterial benefits. Ideal for dogs prone to allergies, dandruff, or other skin issues, it provides a calming and refreshing bathing experience without harsh chemicals.
     
     
     
     

   • Always dry your dog thoroughly after swimming or bathing.

3. Control Indoor Humidity

   • Use a dehumidifier if your home is excessively damp.

   • Ensure your dog has access to dry, comfortable resting spots.

4. Manage Stress and Anxiety

   • Provide plenty of exercise and mental enrichment.

   • Use calming aids or pheromone diffusers if needed.

   • Create a consistent daily routine for your dog.

5. Provide a Balanced Diet

   • Feed high-quality food rich in essential fatty acids.

   • Consider supplements like fish oil (with veterinary guidance).

6. Regular Vet Check-Ups

   • Rule out parasites, infections, or hidden health issues.

   • Discuss recurring hot spots with your veterinarian for tailored advice.

FAQ 

1. What causes hot spots besides fleas?

Hot spots can be triggered by many factors other than fleas, including food and environmental allergies, poor grooming, high humidity, over-bathing, stress, boredom, nutritional deficiencies, and even seasonal weather changes.

2. Why does my dog keep getting hot spots?

Recurring hot spots often indicate an underlying issue such as unmanaged allergies, poor skin care, chronic stress, or environmental factors like moisture and humidity. If your dog keeps getting hot spots despite flea prevention, hidden causes like stress or grooming habits may be to blame.

3. Can stress cause hot spots in dogs?

Yes. Dogs experiencing anxiety or stress often lick or chew their skin excessively, which can lead to open wounds and hot spots. Stress-related hot spots are especially common in dogs with separation anxiety or those exposed to sudden changes in their environment.

4. Can over-bathing cause hot spots?

Absolutely. Bathing your dog too often, or using harsh shampoos, strips natural oils from the skin. This causes dryness and itching, which may lead to hot spots when your dog scratches or licks excessively.

5. Should I take my dog to the vet for hot spots?

Yes. While mild hot spots can sometimes be managed at home, it’s best to consult a veterinarian. Hot spots spread quickly and may require antibiotics, medicated shampoos, or treatment for underlying causes like allergies.

Final Thoughts

Hot spots in dogs can be a nightmare for both pets and owners. While fleas and allergies are well-known culprits, the real causes often go much deeper. Factors like humidity, poor grooming, over-bathing, stress, and diet can all contribute to recurring hot spots.

If you’ve been asking yourself, “Why does my dog keep getting hot spots?” the answer may lie in these hidden triggers. By addressing both the obvious and overlooked causes, you can finally break the cycle and give your dog the relief they deserve.