Old Dog Walking in Circles

As dogs age, they often develop behaviors that can be puzzling or concerning to their owners. One such behavior is walking in circles. While this can occasionally be harmless, in many cases, it may signal underlying health issues that require attention. Understanding why an old dog might exhibit this behavior is crucial in ensuring their well-being and comfort. This article will help dissolve questions about old dogs walking in circles.

Why Is My Old Dog Walking in Circles?

When an older dog begins walking in circles, it can be alarming. Several potential causes range from neurological conditions to ear infections or anxiety. Below are the most common reasons:

1. Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD)

Canine Cognitive Dysfunction, often referred to as dog dementia, is a primary cause of circling behavior in senior dogs.

• Symptoms: Disorientation, altered sleep patterns, anxiety, house soiling, and loss of interest in play.
• Cause: CCD is similar to Alzheimer’s disease in humans and results from age-related changes in the brain, such as plaque buildup and neuronal loss.

2. Vestibular Disease

Vestibular disease affects the dog’s balance and coordination, causing them to walk in circles.

• Symptoms: Head tilting, loss of balance, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty standing.
• Cause: Often referred to as "old dog vestibular syndrome," it can be due to inner ear infections, nerve damage, or unknown causes (idiopathic).

3. Ear Infections

Severe ear infections can cause inflammation in the inner ear, leading to balance issues and circling behavior.

• Symptoms: Scratching at the ear, head shaking, foul odor from the ear, and discharge.
• Cause: Bacterial or yeast infections, ear mites, or foreign bodies lodged in the ear canal.

4. Neurological Disorders

Neurological conditions, including brain tumors, strokes, or inflammation of the brain, can cause a dog to walk in circles.

• Symptoms: Seizures, head pressing, vision loss, lethargy, and sudden behavioral changes.
• Cause: Tumors, trauma, or infections affecting the central nervous system.

5. Liver Disease or Hepatic Encephalopathy

Liver dysfunction can lead to a buildup of toxins in the bloodstream, which can affect brain function.

• Symptoms: Lethargy, confusion, drooling, vomiting, and circling behavior.
• Cause: Chronic liver disease, liver shunts, or toxin ingestion.

6. Anxiety and Compulsive Disorders

Some dogs develop compulsive behaviors as they age, which may manifest as walking in circles.

• Symptoms: Repetitive behaviors, restlessness, whining, or pacing.
• Cause: Chronic stress, separation anxiety, or underlying neurological issues.

Symptoms Associated with Circling Behavior

When a senior dog begins circling, it’s essential to observe for other symptoms that may help pinpoint the underlying cause. Key symptoms include:

• Disorientation: Appears confused, gets lost in familiar places.
• Loss of Balance: Difficulty standing or walking without stumbling.
• Head Tilting: Tilts head to one side frequently.
• Lethargy: Lack of energy or enthusiasm for usual activities.
• Vomiting or Nausea: Often seen in vestibular disease.
• Incontinence: Loss of bladder or bowel control.
• Vision Problems: Bumping into objects or difficulty navigating.

Diagnosis of Circling in Older Dogs

A veterinarian will perform a comprehensive examination to determine the cause of circling. Diagnostic procedures may include:

1. Physical Examination: Evaluating for ear infections, head tilt, or external signs of distress.
2. Neurological Examination: Assessing reflexes, coordination, and mental status.
3. Blood Tests: Checking for liver function, infections, or other metabolic disorders.
4. Imaging: MRI, CT scans, or X-rays may be used to detect brain tumors or neurological issues.
5. Urinalysis: To rule out metabolic conditions like liver disease.

Treatment Options for Circling Behavior

Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the circling behavior. Below are common treatments based on diagnosis:

1. Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD) Treatment

• Medications: Selegiline (Anipryl) can slow cognitive decline.
• Diet: Prescription diets rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids can support brain health.
• Environmental Enrichment: Regular mental stimulation through toys and games.

2. Vestibular Disease Treatment

• Supportive Care: Most cases resolve on their own within weeks.
• Anti-nausea Medication: To control vomiting and dizziness.
• Physical Assistance: Help the dog maintain balance and provide a safe environment.

3. Ear Infection Treatment

• Antibiotics or Antifungals: Depending on the cause of the infection.
• Ear Cleaning: Regular cleaning to remove debris and reduce infection risk.
• Pain Management: NSAIDs may be prescribed to reduce discomfort.

4. Neurological Disorder Treatment

• Surgery: To remove tumors if operable.
• Steroids: To reduce inflammation in the brain.
• Anti-seizure Medications: For dogs experiencing seizures.

5. Liver Disease Treatment

• Dietary Management: Low-protein diets to reduce toxin buildup.
• Medications: Lactulose to reduce ammonia absorption, and other liver-supportive drugs.
• Fluid Therapy: To manage dehydration and toxin removal.

Caring for an Older Dog Walking in Circles

1. Create a Safe Environment

• Remove obstacles to prevent injury.
• Use baby gates to block stairs and dangerous areas.
• Provide non-slip rugs for better traction.

2. Provide Comfort and Support

• Ensure your dog has a quiet, comfortable resting area.
• Maintain a consistent routine to reduce anxiety.
• Offer gentle reassurance and companionship.

3. Monitor Health Closely

• Keep track of changes in behavior or symptoms.
• Schedule regular veterinary check-ups.
• Adjust treatment plans as needed with veterinary guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is it normal for an old dog to walk in circles?

While occasional circling may not be alarming, frequent or obsessive circling often indicates an underlying medical issue that requires veterinary attention.

2. Can stress cause a dog to walk in circles?

Yes, anxiety or stress can cause compulsive circling, particularly in dogs with a history of anxiety disorders.

3. How long does vestibular disease last in dogs?

Most cases resolve within 1 to 3 weeks, but some dogs may have residual symptoms such as a slight head tilt.

4. What should I do if my dog is walking in circles?

Contact your veterinarian immediately for an evaluation. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.

5. Can canine dementia be managed?

Yes, while there is no cure, medications like Selegiline, dietary changes, and environmental enrichment can help manage the symptoms.

When an old dog begins walking in circles, it is often a sign of an underlying health condition that requires attention. Whether it’s due to canine cognitive dysfunction, vestibular disease, or another issue, timely diagnosis and treatment can improve the dog's quality of life. Providing a safe, supportive environment and working closely with your veterinarian will help ensure your beloved pet remains comfortable and cared for in their senior years.