Dog Allergies Eyes: Understanding Impact on the Eyes

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from allergies, and while a common manifestation of dog allergies is symptoms related to the skin or intestines, allergies can cause inflammation in a dog's eyes, just as they do in people with seasonal allergies. If you notice redness in one or both of your dog's eyes, you may be wondering what the cause is. In this article, we'll explore the world of dog allergies and how they can affect your furry friend's eyes.

How to Tell If Your Dog Has Eye Allergies?

Eye allergies in dogs can cause discomfort and irritation, and it's important to recognize the signs so you can take appropriate steps to address them. Here are some common signs to look for if you suspect your dog has eye allergies:

• Redness: The whites of the eyes may appear red or bloodshot.
• Itching: Dogs with eye allergies often scratch or rub their eyes with their paws or against furniture to relieve itching.
• Watery Eyes: Excessive tearing or watery discharge from the eyes is a common sign of eye allergies.
• Swelling: The eyelids may become swollen or puffy, making the dog appear as though they have "puppy eyes."
• Discharge: Thick or yellowish discharge from the eyes can indicate an allergic reaction.
• Squinting: Dogs may squint due to discomfort caused by eye allergies.
• Eye Rubbing: Frequent rubbing of the eyes against surfaces can lead to further irritation.
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia): Dogs with eye allergies may become sensitive to light, causing them to squint in bright environments.
• Changes in behavior: If your dog is experiencing eye discomfort due to allergies, it may exhibit changes in behavior, such as being more lethargic or less interested in play or activities.

What Causes Dog Eye Allergies?

Dog allergies can be broadly categorized into three types: environmental allergies, food allergies, and contact allergies.

Environmental Allergies

Pollen: Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds is a common environmental allergen for dogs. When inhaled or in contact with the eyes, it can trigger allergic reactions.
Dust Mites: Dust mites are microscopic creatures found in household dust and can lead to allergies when inhaled or when they come into contact with the eyes.
Mold: Mold spores in the environment can cause allergies in dogs, and exposure can lead to eye irritation.

Food Allergies

Dogs can be allergic to certain ingredients in their food, such as beef, chicken, grains, or dairy. These allergies can manifest in various ways, including eye symptoms.

Contact Allergies

This type of allergy occurs when a dog comes into direct contact with an allergen, such as certain cleaning products, shampoos, or plants.

Dog Eye Infection vs. Allergies

Key Differences

Infections are caused by pathogens like bacteria or viruses, while allergies are triggered by allergens in the environment.

Infections often produce discharge that may be thick and colored, whereas allergies typically result in clear, watery discharge.

Infections may require antibiotics or antiviral medications, while allergies are typically managed with antihistamines or other allergy medications.

Home Remedies for Dog Eye Allergies

While it's essential to consult with a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment, there are some home remedies you can try to alleviate mild symptoms. Remember that these remedies are not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, especially if the symptoms persist or worsen.

Rinse with Saline Solution

A simple saline solution can help flush out irritants from your dog's eyes. Use a sterile saline solution (available at most pharmacies) or make your own by mixing a teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm distilled water. Gently flush your dog's eyes with the solution using a clean, soft cloth or an eye dropper.

Cool Compress

Apply a cool, damp cloth or a cool tea bag (chamomile or green tea) to your dog's closed eyes for a few minutes. This can help soothe irritation and reduce inflammation.

Boric Acid Solution

You can make a mild boric acid solution (1 teaspoon of boric acid powder in a cup of warm water) and use it as an eye wash. 

Remove Potential Allergens

Identify and remove any potential allergens from your dog's environment. This might include changing their diet, using hypoallergenic bedding, or eliminating pollen sources from your home.

Regular Eye Cleaning

Maintain good eye hygiene by gently wiping your dog's eyes with a clean, damp cloth regularly, especially if they are prone to eye allergies.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Adding omega-3 fatty acid supplements to your dog's diet may help reduce inflammation and improve overall skin and eye health. Consult your vet for the appropriate dosage.

How to Treat Dog Eye Allergies?

If you've tried home remedies and your dog's eye problems still won't go away, it's vital that you consult your veterinarian promptly. 

Determining the specific allergens triggering your dog's eye allergies is essential. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold spores, certain foods, and environmental factors. Your vet may recommend allergy testing to pinpoint the allergen.

Once you know the allergen(s), take steps to minimize your dog's exposure. This may include keeping them indoors during peak pollen seasons, using air purifiers, cleaning their bedding regularly, and switching to hypoallergenic pet products.

Consider Antihistamines

Some dogs may benefit from antihistamines prescribed by a veterinarian. These medications can help reduce allergy symptoms, including eye inflammation. However, never give your dog human medications without consulting a vet, as dosages and side effects can vary.

Antihistamine Products for Dog Allergies:

• Diphenhydramine: This is a common antihistamine found in many over-the-counter allergy medications for humans. It can also be used for dogs, but the dosage should be carefully determined by a veterinarian, as it can vary depending on the size and weight of the dog.
• Cetirizine: Cetirizine is another antihistamine that is sometimes used for dogs. It's typically available in tablet form and should only be used under the guidance of a veterinarian.
• Fexofenadine: Fexofenadine is a newer-generation antihistamine and may be prescribed by veterinarians for dog allergies in certain cases.
• Loratadine: Similar to fexofenadine, loratadine is a newer-generation antihistamine that may be used for dogs with allergies.
• Chlorpheniramine: Chlorpheniramine works by blocking the action of histamines, which are chemicals released by the body in response to allergens, and can cause allergy symptoms like itching, sneezing, and runny nose.

By utilizing Chlorpheniramine Maleate, an antihistamine commonly used to control itching in dogs and cats, our medication works to desensitize your pet's immune system and reduce allergic reactions.

Topical Steroids

In more severe cases, a vet may prescribe topical steroids for short-term use to reduce eye inflammation. Do not use these without veterinary guidance, as prolonged use can have adverse effects.

Corticosteroid products used for allergies and other inflammatory conditions in dogs often contain different active ingredients, such as:

• Hydrocortisone: Hydrocortisone is a mild corticosteroid that can be used topically (as a cream or ointment) for localized skin allergies and inflammation.
• Prednisone: Prednisone is a systemic corticosteroid often prescribed in tablet or liquid form to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response in more severe allergy cases.
• Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone is another potent corticosteroid that can be used in various forms, including oral tablets and injectable solutions, to manage severe allergic reactions and inflammatory conditions.

The active ingredient in these eye drops is hydrocortisone acetate, which is a corticosteroid. Corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce swelling and itching in the affected area. It is designed to help alleviate discomfort caused by various eye conditions, including allergies, itching, redness, and swelling.

Topical Solutions

Eye washes or saline solutions can be recommended to rinse allergens from the eyes.

Dietary Changes

If food allergies are suspected, your vet may recommend a hypoallergenic diet or a trial of novel protein sources to determine if a dietary change helps.

Prevent Scratching

Make sure your dog cannot scratch or rub their eyes excessively, as this can worsen the condition. Use an Elizabethan collar (cone collar) if necessary.

Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy)

In severe cases or when allergies are unresponsive to other treatments, your vet may recommend allergen-specific immunotherapy, which involves regular injections to desensitize your dog to specific allergens.

FAQs

Can dogs use human eye drops for allergies？

It is not recommended to use human eye drops for allergies in dogs without consulting a veterinarian first. While some human eye drops may be safe for dogs, others can be harmful. Some human eye drops contain preservatives that can be irritating or damaging to a dog's eyes.

Are allergy eye drops safe for dogs?

In some cases, veterinarians may prescribe or recommend specific allergy eye drops for dogs to alleviate symptoms such as redness, itching, and discharge. These eye drops are usually formulated to be safe for dogs when used as directed by a veterinarian. However, it's crucial to use the specific product recommended by your vet and follow their instructions carefully.

Conclusion

Dog allergies can affect your furry friend in various ways, including eye-related issues. If you notice any signs of allergies in your dog, particularly those affecting the eyes, it's crucial to seek veterinary care promptly. Proper diagnosis and treatment can alleviate discomfort and ensure your dog enjoys a happy, healthy life free from the irritation of allergies. Remember that your veterinarian is your best resource for guidance on managing and treating your dog's allergies effectively.