Cat Teeth: Feline Dental Health

When we think of our feline friends, we often picture their soft fur, playful antics, and charming personalities. Beneath that cute and cuddly exterior, your cat has teeth like razors, just like their fierce feline ancestors. However, one aspect of their well-being that is frequently overlooked is their dental health. Cat teeth play a crucial role in their overall health and can have a significant impact on their quality of life. 

How Many Teeth Do Cats Have?

Cats typically have 30 teeth in their mouths, including 12 incisor teeth (six in the upper jaw and six in the lower jaw), four canine teeth (two in the upper jaw and two in the lower jaw), 10 premolar teeth (five in the upper jaw and five in the lower jaw), and usually four molars (two in the upper jaw and two in the lower jaw). These teeth play various roles in a cat's life, such as capturing, dispatching, and consuming prey, as well as self-grooming. Ensuring proper dental care is crucial for maintaining a cat's oral health throughout its lifespan.

Do Cats Lose Baby Teeth?

Yes, cats, like humans and many other mammals, do lose their baby teeth. This process is known as "deciduous tooth shedding." Just like human babies, kittens are born with temporary or deciduous teeth that eventually fall out to make way for their permanent adult teeth.

A kitten's baby teeth typically start coming in at around two weeks of age, and by the time they are about six months old, they will have most of their adult teeth. During this period, the baby teeth will gradually loosen and fall out to be replaced by the adult teeth.

Kitten Teeth vs. Cat Teeth

Kitten teeth and cat teeth go through distinct stages as a kitten grows into an adult cat. These dental changes are a natural part of a cat's development. Here's an overview of the differences between kitten teeth and adult cat teeth:

Kitten Teeth (Deciduous Teeth)

• Temporary: Kittens are born without teeth. Their deciduous (baby) teeth start to emerge at around 2 to 4 weeks of age.
• Smaller and Sharper: Kitten teeth are smaller and sharper compared to adult cat teeth. They are designed for tearing and grasping food.
• Number: Kittens usually have a total of 26 deciduous teeth, which include incisors, canines, and premolars.
• Fragile: Kitten teeth are not as strong as adult teeth and can break or fracture more easily.
• Fall Out: As a kitten grows, their baby teeth start to fall out to make way for adult teeth. This process usually begins around 3 to 4 months of age and is usually completed by 6 months.

Adult Cat Teeth (Permanent Teeth)

• Larger and Sturdier: Adult cat teeth are larger and more robust than kitten teeth. They are designed for grinding and crushing food.
• Number: Adult cats typically have 30 permanent teeth, including incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
• Stronger: Adult teeth are stronger and more durable, designed to last throughout a cat's life.
• Different Functions: The different types of teeth in adult cats serve various functions. Incisors are used for grooming, canines for holding and tearing, and premolars and molars for grinding food.
• Long-term Maintenance: Adult cat teeth require ongoing dental care, such as regular brushing or dental cleanings, to maintain oral health and prevent dental issues like periodontal disease.

How Often to Brush Cat Teeth?

Ideally, you should aim to brush your cat's teeth daily. Daily brushing is the most effective way to remove plaque and prevent the buildup of tartar. If daily brushing is not possible, aim to brush your cat's teeth at least several times a week. This frequency can still help maintain oral health and reduce the risk of dental issues.

Regular professional dental cleanings by your veterinarian are essential for maintaining your cat's dental health. These cleanings may be needed annually or more often, depending on your cat's oral health status.

How to Brush Your Cat's Teeth？

• To prepare for brushing, familiarize your cat with the toothbrush and toothpaste by allowing them to sniff and play with these items.
• Begin by using your finger to gently rub their gums and teeth for a few seconds each day to get them used to having something in their mouth.
• Introduce cat-specific toothpaste gradually by applying a small amount to your finger for your cat to lick.
• Once your cat is comfortable, transition to the toothbrush with a small amount of toothpaste.
• Brush their teeth in a circular motion, focusing on the outer surfaces, starting with a few teeth and gradually covering the entire mouth over multiple sessions.
• Be patient, respect your cat's pace, and take breaks if needed.

Teeth Cleaning for Cats Cost

The cost of teeth cleaning for cats can vary depending on several factors, including the location of the veterinary clinic, the cat's age and overall health, and whether any additional procedures or treatments are required. On average, you can expect to pay anywhere from $100 to $300 or more for a professional dental cleaning for your cat.

How to Keep Cats Teeth Clean Without Brushing?

Some cats may never fully cooperate with tooth brushing, despite your best efforts. In such cases, it's important to explore alternative dental care options to ensure your cat's oral health. Here are some additional products and methods that can help maintain your cat's dental hygiene:

• Dental Wipes: Dental wipes are pre-moistened pads designed to clean your cat's teeth and gums. They can be less intimidating for some cats than a toothbrush.
• Oral Hygiene Gels: These gels can be applied to your cat's gums and teeth, and they help reduce plaque and tartar buildup. They often have a palatable flavor that cats may find appealing.
• Dental Chews and Toys: There are various dental chews and toys available for cats that help clean their teeth as they chew and play. 
• Dental Powder: Dental powders can be sprinkled on your cat's food to help reduce plaque and tartar.
• Prescription Dental Diets: Some specially formulated cat foods are designed to promote dental health by reducing tartar and plaque. 

The Importance of Cat Teeth

Cat teeth serve several essential functions:

• Eating: Healthy teeth are crucial for a cat's ability to eat a balanced diet. Cats with dental issues may experience pain while eating and may avoid certain foods altogether, leading to malnutrition.
• Grooming: Cats use their incisors for grooming. Dental problems can make grooming painful or difficult, leading to unkempt fur and skin issues.
• Defense: The sharp canines are not only for hunting but also for self-defense. Dental issues can affect a cat's ability to protect itself.
• Communication: Cats may hiss or growl to communicate, revealing their teeth. Dental problems may limit their ability to convey their feelings effectively.

Cats Don’t Get Cavities

Well, they don’t get cavities in the sense that humans get cavities, which can also be referred to as “caries.” This is partially due to the shape of their teeth.

Cavities in humans are primarily caused by the interaction between oral bacteria and carbohydrates, particularly sugars, in the diet. Bacteria in the mouth metabolize sugars, producing acids that can erode tooth enamel and lead to cavities. The anatomy of human teeth, with multiple crevices and surfaces, makes them susceptible to this process.

In contrast, cats have teeth that are more adapted for tearing and cutting meat. Their teeth tend to be sharper and have fewer crevices and surfaces compared to human teeth. Additionally, their saliva has a higher pH, which is less conducive to the growth of the acid-producing bacteria that contribute to cavities.

However, Cats Can Have Other Dental Issues

While cats are less prone to cavities due to their dietary habits and dental anatomy, it's essential to remember that they can still experience other dental issues. Cats can indeed experience a variety of dental issues other than cavities. Some of these dental problems include:

1. Stomatitis

Feline stomatitis is a severe and painful inflammation of the mouth and gums. It can lead to ulcers, difficulty eating, and significant discomfort. Managing stomatitis often involves dental care, medication, and sometimes tooth extractions.

Stomatitis in Cats Home Remedies

The treatment of mouth ulcers in cats will depend on the underlying cause of the ulcers. In some cases, no specific treatment may be necessary as the ulcers may heal on their own. However, if the ulcers are causing your cat significant discomfort or if they are not healing on their own, your veterinarian may recommend one or more of the following treatments:

Pain management: Your veterinarian may prescribe pain medication to help manage your cat's discomfort.

Details Helps repair oral mucosa Helps heal mouth wounds Relieves pain, redness and swelling Can be licked; safe and not irritating How to use Spray the affected area once or twice a day; press 3-5 times at a time, for 3-5 days. Ingredients Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, trehalose, cymene, glycerol, plant extrac.

Antibiotics: If the ulcers are caused by a bacterial infection, your veterinarian may prescribe antibiotics to help clear the infection.

Maintaining good oral hygiene by brushing and providing gum or toothpowder can help prevent ulcers and other dental problems from forming.

Anti-inflammatory medication: Anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids may be prescribed to help reduce inflammation and promote healing.

Dental cleaning: If the ulcers are caused by dental disease, your veterinarian may recommend a dental cleaning to remove any tartar or plaque buildup.

Diet modification: If the ulcers are caused by an underlying dietary issue, your veterinarian may recommend a change in your cat's diet.

Immunosuppressive therapy: If the ulcers are caused by an autoimmune disorder, your veterinarian may recommend immunosuppressive therapy to help manage the condition.

2. Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is one of the most common dental issues in cats. It occurs when plaque and tartar build up on the teeth and gums, leading to inflammation, infection, and eventually, tooth loss. Regular dental care, including professional cleanings, can help prevent and manage this condition.

3. Tooth Resorption

Tooth resorption is a painful dental condition in which the body begins to reabsorb the tooth structure. This can result in the weakening and destruction of the affected teeth. Tooth resorption is a common issue in cats, and affected teeth often need to be extracted to alleviate discomfort.

4. Broken or Fractured Teeth

Cats can break or fracture their teeth due to trauma or chewing on hard objects. Broken teeth can expose the sensitive pulp inside, leading to pain and potential infection. Treatment may involve dental extraction or other dental procedures.

5. Gingivitis

Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums, which can lead to redness, swelling, and discomfort. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to more severe forms of gum disease. Proper dental care can help prevent and manage gingivitis.

6. Oral Tumors

Cats can develop oral tumors, some of which may be benign, while others can be malignant. These tumors can affect the teeth and surrounding tissues, leading to dental problems. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing oral tumors.

Does Cat Teeth Fall Out?

Cat teeth can fall out for various reasons, including dental trauma from accidents, fights, or chewing on hard objects, natural aging in older cats, dental abscesses if not promptly treated, misaligned teeth causing gradual wear, and systemic health conditions affecting oral health; furthermore, inadequate dental care, such as regular cleaning and check-ups, increases the likelihood of dental issues leading to tooth loss.

Can Cats Eat Dry Food Without Teeth?

Cats can eat dry food to some extent without teeth, but it can be challenging for them to do so comfortably and efficiently. Teeth are essential for a cat's natural chewing process, which helps break down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. If a cat has lost most or all of its teeth due to dental problems or other issues, it may struggle to consume dry kibble effectively. 

Is Wet Food Bad for Cats Teeth?

Feeding your cat wet food does not necessarily have a negative impact on their teeth, but it may not provide the same level of dental benefits as dry cat food. Wet food is less abrasive to a cat's teeth than dry kibble. Dry cat food can help mechanically clean the teeth as a cat chews, which may reduce the buildup of plaque and tartar. Wet food doesn't offer the same abrasive action.

Conclusion

In conclusion, cat teeth are not just tools for hunting; they are essential for your feline companion's overall health and well-being. Regular dental care, along with a balanced diet, can go a long way in ensuring your cat's teeth remain healthy throughout their life. So, don't forget to add dental care to your list of responsibilities as a cat owner, and your furry friend will thank you with a happy and healthy smile.